ODD Classification 

During assessment, the clinician must consider the developmental stage of the child to distinguish normative oppositional behavior from pathological.

Development is a Crucial Consideration When Assessing for ODD

Reference for Causes of Oppositional Defiant Disorder

The following are factors that cause oppositional defiant disorder:

* Environmental factors
* Genetic factors
* Biological factors


Causes of Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is defined as a behavior disorder with characteristics such as hostility and defiant behavior with authority figures, peers, and family.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Conduct problems and impulsivity in child psychopathy were later studied as combinations of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) or Conduct Disorder (CD). Studies show the combination of symptoms of ADHD, ODD/CD, and exhibiting high callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children are more likely to have psychopathic tendencies.

Conduct Problems and Impulsivity in Psychopathy

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in Children. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/oppositional-defiant-disorder

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in Children

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Disorder Class: Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, as manifested by the presence of three (or more) of the following criteria in the past 12 months from any of the categories below, with at least one criterion present in the past 6 months:
1. Aggression to people and  animals
2. Destruction of property
3. Deceitfulness or theft
4. Serious violations of rules
 
The disturbance in behavior causes clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning.
 
If the individual is age 18 years or older, criteria are not met for Antisocial Personality Disorder
 
Specify age onset:  Individuals show at least one symptom characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10 years

[DSM-5] Conduct Disorder Criteria

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity and is divided into three subtypes:
- primarily inattentive
- primarily hyperactive-impulsive
- combined

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