Bipolar I Disorder is distinguished by the experience of a fully syndromal manic episode or manic symptoms that are severe enough to require immediate hospitalization at least once within the patient’s lifetime. Usually the patient will experience depressive episodes or symptoms as well, typically qualifying for a major depressive episode, though not always. Episodes of depression with mixed features (i.e.., having depressive and manic symptoms at the same time) are also possible. 

Bipolar I Disorder

Cyclothymic Disorder is defined by the presence of both hypomanic and depressive symptoms without fulfilling the criteria for a distinct episode of mania, hypomania, or major depression. These symptoms must persist for over two years (or one year for children & adolescents).

Cyclothymic Disorder

Bipolar II Disorder is defined by the occurrence of at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode. A key diagnostic requirement is that the patient must have no history of a full manic episode. The combination of major depressive symptoms and resulting mood instability typically causes significant impairment in the individual's daily functioning.

Bipolar II Disorder

The DSM-5-TR separates Bipolar and Related Disorders into the following specific disorders:
- Bipolar I Disorder
- Bipolar II Disorder
- Cyclothymic Disorder
- Substance/Medication-Induced Bipolar and Related Disorder
- Bipolar and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
- Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder
- Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder
- Unspecified Mood Disorder


Syracuse University

Bipolar and Related Disorders are recognized by unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and concentration, affecting the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. The presence of mania is a defining trait of bipolar disorder. These shifts range from periods of manic episodes (being extremely “up”, elated, irritable, or energized) and depressive episodes (being very “down”, indifferent, or hopeless).

Bipolar and Related Disorders

National Institute of Mental Health . (n.d.). Bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorder. Retrieved January 27, 2022, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder 

Bipolar Disorder

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., Text revision). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

DSM-5-TR

[DSM-5-TR] List of Bipolar and Related Disorders

The DSM-5-TR outlines certain specifiers to help specify the condition of Bipolar and Related Disorders according to the different states and condition of the individual. These specifiers are broken down as followed:

Specify if:
- With Anxious Distress
- With Mixed Features
- With Rapid Cycling
- With Melancholic Features
- With Atypical Features
- With Psychotic Features
- With Catatonia
- With Peripartum Onset
- With Seasonal Patterns

Specify if:
- In Partial Remission
- In Full Remission

Specify current severity of manic episode::
- Mild
- Moderate
- Severe

Specify current severity of major depressive episode:
- Mild
- Moderate
- Severe


[DSM-5-TR] Specifiers for Bipolar and Related Disorders

This list includes disorders or conditions that are related to bipolar and manic/depressive states or features but are not currently directly or officially included in the DSM. These disorders include:
- TBD


List of Other Recognized Bipolar and Related Disorders

This list includes different categories and types of methods for treating and/or managing different bipolar and related disorders. These can be broken down into categories of methods that include:
- Effective Treatment Plans for Bipolar Disorder
- Medication Treatments
- Psychotherapy Treatments
- Medical Interventions
- Beyond Treatment: Things You Can Do


Treatment and Management Methods for Bipolar and Related Disorders

This list includes different theories or concepts that are used to explain, define, or otherwise provide further insight into the workings of bipolar and related disorders. These include:
- Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
- Difference Between Bipolar I & Bipolar II


Theories and Concepts Relevant to Bipolar and Related Disorders

This includes the intersection of connections and/or research related to bipolar and related disorders as a general category in other fields of study and research. Such fields include:
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- Clinical Psychology
- Disability Studies
- Health Psychology
- Mindfulness

Note: Add subjects as needed


Interdisciplinary Connections & Research Related to Bipolar and Related Disorders, General

The collection of references for nodes pertaining to Bipolar and Related Disorders.

References for Bipolar and Related Disorders

1. Genetics
2. Prenatal and perinatal factors
3. Childhood trauma
4. Psychological stressors
5. Substance misuse
6. Medical comorbidities
7. Demographic factors
8. Others

Most of the research considers genetics as the strongest risk factor for bipolar disorder.

Risk Factor for Bipolar Disorder

References for  Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder 

Rapid cycling is a subtype of bipolar disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least four manic episodes, or a combination of at least four manic and major depressive episodes, within a one-year period.

Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Reference for Comorbidity of Bipolar Disorder and Other Conditions

Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that causes those impacted to shift back and forth between depression and mania.

Mood disorders have been proven to have genetic basis. Individuals with relatives who have major depressive disorder are twice likely to develop such disorder. Individuals with twins with major depressive disorder are also prone to develop major depressive disorder themselves.

Individuals with relatives with bipolar disorder will nine times more likely to develop bipolar disorder themselves. Individuals with twins with bipolar disorder are also prone to develop such a disorder themselves.

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