Example: Baumrind's Criticism of Milgram's Study
Diana Baumrind criticized Stanley Milgram's obedience research for its lack of ethical follow-through. She argued that while Milgram could not have known in advance that participants would experience such severe negative reactions, he observed their distress after testing the first few subjects. According to Baumrind, Milgram should have monitored these unanticipated reactions and ethically adjusted his research procedures at that point.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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Example: Baumrind's Criticism of Milgram's Study
Baumrind's Criticism of Milgram's Study
What action must investigators be prepared to take if participants exhibit unexpected distress or negative responses during an ongoing research study?
Arrange the following steps in the correct order for a researcher to ethically manage unanticipated participant reactions during an ongoing psychological study.
A researcher is conducting a study on the relationship between social media use and mood. Match each unanticipated participant reaction observed during the study with the most appropriate ethical action required by the principle of monitoring and safety.
In a psychological study where participants exhibit negative reactions that were not anticipated in the planning phase, the ethical principle of monitoring requires the researcher to prioritize the evaluation of procedural adjustments over the continued adherence to the original research protocol.
Match each term related to participant safety with its correct definition based on ethical standards for psychological research.
Which of the following best explains why researchers must continuously monitor participants for unanticipated negative reactions during an active psychology study, even if the research protocol was already ethically approved?
When evaluating the ethical integrity of an ongoing experiment, a researcher's decision to strictly adhere to the original protocol despite unanticipated participant distress is judged deficient because investigators are required to _____ the study's procedures to protect participant safety.
A cognitive psychologist conducting a memory study notices that several participants become highly frustrated and tearful when they cannot recall words. Because this specific distress was not anticipated in the approved study protocol, the investigator is ethically required to continue the study without making any changes to the procedures until all scheduled participants have completed the session.
When participants exhibit unexpected distress during an ongoing research study, investigators must analyze the situation by seeking participant feedback during the _____, which helps them determine how to adjust procedures for safety and ethical compliance.
Evaluate the ethical management of unanticipated participant reactions in an ongoing study by ordering the following steps from the initial monitoring phase to the final corrective action.
Learn After
What was Diana Baumrind's primary ethical criticism regarding Stanley Milgram's obedience research?
Match each component of Diana Baumrind’s ethical critique with the specific argument she made regarding Stanley Milgram’s obedience research.
A researcher is conducting a study on social influence. After testing the first few participants, they observe that the subjects are experiencing extreme and unexpected psychological distress. According to Diana Baumrind’s critique of the Milgram study, the researcher is ethically justified in continuing the study as designed because the distress was not predicted beforehand.
Diana Baumrind’s critique of the Milgram obedience study focuses on the specific point at which a researcher’s ignorance of potential harm turns into a failure of ethical oversight. Arrange the following stages to reconstruct the logical progression of Baumrind’s argument regarding the onset of this ethical failure.
You are developing a research protocol for a new laboratory experiment that involves psychological stress. To construct a study design that specifically addresses the ethical 'lack of follow-through' Diana Baumrind identified in the Milgram obedience experiments, which procedural feature should you implement?
According to Diana Baumrind's critique, Milgram should have been able to predict before his study began that participants would experience severe psychological distress, and this failure of foresight is the central basis of her ethical objection.
In her evaluation of the Milgram study, Diana Baumrind argues that the researcher's ethical status became compromised the moment he failed to _____ his procedures after observing the unanticipated psychological distress of the first few participants.
A researcher is applying Baumrind's framework for evaluating ethical follow-through in studies with unanticipated participant reactions. Match each researcher action to the ethical status it would receive under Baumrind's criteria.
Baumrind's critique identifies two structurally distinct phases in Milgram's research: a phase before any participants were tested, during which no evidence of severe distress existed and Milgram's conduct was arguably not yet culpable, and a phase after the first several participants were tested, during which continued use of the same unmodified protocol represented a failure of ethical _____.
An IRB panel is conducting a retrospective ethical review of a completed study by applying Baumrind's standard for monitoring and adjusting for unanticipated participant reactions. Place the following steps of the panel's evaluation in the correct logical order.
Describe Diana Baumrind's specific ethical criticism of Stanley Milgram's obedience research regarding his handling of participants' reactions. According to Baumrind, what should Milgram have done once the first few participants showed severe negative reactions?
Based on Diana Baumrind's critique of Milgram's study, explain how the researcher should handle the unexpected distress of these initial participants and explain the underlying ethical principle of monitoring unanticipated reactions.
Imagine you are designing a psychological experiment on cognitive pressure and want to incorporate Baumrind's ethical recommendation for unanticipated participant distress. What specific action should you plan to take if the first group of participants shows unexpected, severe negative reactions?