Example

Finding a Leg of a 5-12-13 Right Triangle

Apply the Pythagorean Theorem and the geometry problem-solving strategy to find an unknown leg of a right triangle when the other leg and the hypotenuse are known.

Problem: Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of the unknown leg of a right triangle with one leg measuring 1212 units and a hypotenuse measuring 1313 units.

  1. Read the problem.
  2. Identify what you are looking for: the length of the leg of the triangle.
  3. Name: Choose a variable to represent the unknown leg. Let aa be the length of the leg. Label side aa on the triangle.
  4. Translate: Write the Pythagorean Theorem and substitute the known values: a2+b2=c2a^2 + b^2 = c^2 then a2+122=132a^2 + 12^2 = 13^2.
  5. Solve the equation. Evaluate the squares: a2+144=169a^2 + 144 = 169. Isolate the variable term by subtracting 144144 from both sides: a2=25a^2 = 25. Use the definition of the square root (ignoring the negative root because dimensions correspond to lengths): a=25a = \sqrt{25} giving a=5a = 5.
  6. Check the answer. Does 52+122=1325^2 + 12^2 = 13^2? 25+144=16925 + 144 = 169, which gives 169=169169 = 169 \checkmark.
  7. Answer: The length of the leg is 55 units.

Unlike finding a hypotenuse — where the two known leg squares are simply summed — finding a missing leg requires subtracting the square of the known leg from the square of the hypotenuse before taking the square root.

Image 0

0

1

Updated 2026-05-02

Contributors are:

Who are from:

Tags

OpenStax

Elementary Algebra @ OpenStax

Ch.3 Math Models - Elementary Algebra @ OpenStax

Algebra

Math

Prealgebra

Intermediate Algebra @ OpenStax

Ch.2 Solving Linear Equations - Intermediate Algebra @ OpenStax

Related
Learn After