Types of glycolytic pathways include:

- Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway
- Entner-Doudoroff (ED) Pathway
- Pentose Phospate Pathway (PPP)

Types of Glycolytic Pathways

A pathway universal to all living organisms that produces pyruvate as well as energy, reduced electron carriers, and precursor molecules from glucose, which are essential to cellular metabolism. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, does not require oxygen, and is an important source of ATP for organisms that do not undergo respiration.

University of Notre Dame

Two pathways in glucose catabolism produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation:

- Glycolysis
- Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle

Pathways in Glucose Catabolism

Cellular respiration is composed of four main steps:

- Glycolysis
- Transition Reaction (Pyruvate Oxidation)
- Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle
- Oxidative Phosphorylation

Steps in Cellular Respiration

OpenStax Concepts of Biology provides the necessary breadth and depth for core Biology concepts.

Link: https://openstax.org/details/books/concepts-biology/

OpenStax Biology 2nd Edition

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Glycolysis

A metabolic pathway "loop" in which acetyl CoA from the transition reaction is added to a 4-carbon intermediate (oxaloacetate) to produce 6-carbon citric acid, during which important electron carriers are reduced. In addition to being an important component of glucose metabolism, several intermediates of the cycle form important molecules, making the process both catabolic and anabolic. Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix for eukaryotes and in the cytoplasm for prokaryotes

(Photo credits in References)

Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle

The conversion of glycolysis-produced 3-carbon pyruvate into 2-carbon acetyl CoA through decarboxylation and attachment of coenzyme A to an acetyl group,  for use in the citric acid cycle. Also known as the bridge reaction. Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix for eukaryotes and in the cytoplasm for prokaryotes

Transition Reaction (Pyruvate Oxidation)

A method for producing ATP in which an inorganic phosphate group is added to ADP using the energy from an electrochemical gradient. The process in cellular respiration in which most ATP are generated

Learn Before

Related

Learn After