Learn Before
Imagine you are a researcher designing a survey to gauge public opinion on a new local tax policy. Wealthy residents are highly accessible via online directories, but less wealthy residents are not. Explain how you would apply the survey methodology of George Gallup from the 1936 presidential election to design a sampling strategy that avoids selection bias.
Question: Imagine you are a researcher designing a survey to gauge public opinion on a new local tax policy. Wealthy residents are highly accessible via online directories, but less wealthy residents are not. Explain how you would apply the survey methodology of George Gallup from the 1936 presidential election to design a sampling strategy that avoids selection bias.
Sample answer: To apply Gallup's methodology, I would first recognize that relying solely on easily accessible online directories would bias the sample towards wealthier individuals. I would design a sampling plan that actively seeks out and includes less wealthy residents, perhaps by using in-person sampling in diverse neighborhoods. By using a smaller, scientifically selected sample that represents all income levels, I would ensure the survey results are accurate and generalizable, rather than relying on a large but biased sample.
Key points:
- Acknowledge the risk of selection bias towards wealthier, more accessible residents.
- Propose concrete steps to actively sample and include less wealthy residents.
- Highlight the value of a smaller, scientifically representative sample over a large, biased one.
Rubric: The response must apply Gallup's 1936 approach by: 1) identifying the potential selection bias towards wealthier residents, 2) proposing specific methods to actively sample less wealthy populations, and 3) explaining why a smaller, scientifically representative sample is superior to a large, biased one.
0
1
Tags
KPU
Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
Related
Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan
George Gallup’s 1936 presidential election prediction is a landmark case in survey research. Why did Gallup’s poll produce a more accurate result than the Literary Digest poll, despite Gallup using a significantly smaller sample size?
Match each of George Gallup's specific methodological choices from the 1936 election prediction to the psychological research principle it best demonstrates.
Arrange the steps George Gallup followed during the 1936 election cycle to reflect the logical progression of his scientific challenge to traditional straw polling methods.
Based on the methodological outcomes of the 1936 presidential election, it is a scientifically sound evaluation to conclude that a large sample size is an effective substitute for a representative sampling methodology.
Prior to the 1936 election, what action did George Gallup take to publicly challenge the 'Literary Digest' poll?
George Gallup’s 1936 election prediction demonstrated that utilizing scientific sampling principles allows a researcher to accurately identify why a massive, non-scientific poll will fail before the results are even known.
In the 1936 U.S. presidential election, pollster _____ successfully predicted Franklin Roosevelt's landslide victory by using scientific survey methods with much smaller samples than his competitors.
Imagine you are a researcher designing a survey to gauge public opinion on a new local tax policy. Wealthy residents are highly accessible via online directories, but less wealthy residents are not. Explain how you would apply the survey methodology of George Gallup from the 1936 presidential election to design a sampling strategy that avoids selection bias.
Analyze this case study by drawing direct parallels to the 1936 presidential election poll between the Literary Digest and George Gallup. Diagnose the primary methodological flaw in the subscription-list survey, explain how the university team's approach mirrors Gallup's scientific methods, and determine which poll is scientifically more credible.
Evaluate the scientific validity of the claim that a poll with a sample size of millions of people is guaranteed to be more accurate than a poll with a sample size of a few thousand. Support your evaluation using the outcome of the 1936 presidential election polls.