This is one chapter of a handbook that talks about self-determination research. It focuses on how the concept of autonomy and encouraging other aspects of SDT can have positive effects on students' learning. It goes into detail about what teachers can do to encourage autonomy and discusses the possibility that teachers can change their teaching style to focus on intrinsic motivation and student autonomy. It goes into detail about why teachers can be controlling as well. The chapter also discusses the importance of students' autonomy, namely that it can help students feel more competent when they are given a chance to give answers themselves and do independent work.