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Suppose you are designing a naturalistic observation study to test whether laughter is primarily a form of social communication rather than an automatic response to humor. Applying the design decisions and findings from Kraut and Johnston's bowling study, describe what specific situational comparison you would make to test this hypothesis.
Question: Suppose you are designing a naturalistic observation study to test whether laughter is primarily a form of social communication rather than an automatic response to humor. Applying the design decisions and findings from Kraut and Johnston's bowling study, describe what specific situational comparison you would make to test this hypothesis.
Sample answer: To test if laughter is primarily social communication, you would compare the frequency of laughter in two situations: when individuals are alone experiencing a humorous event (e.g., looking at their phones or watching a movie by themselves), versus when they are in the presence of or turning toward companions. If they laugh significantly more when facing companions, it supports the social communication hypothesis.
Key points:
- Identifies two distinct situational conditions to compare (solitary/facing away vs. social/facing companions).
- Applies the operational logic of the bowling study to the behavior of laughter.
- Predicts that higher rates of laughter in the social condition would support the social communication hypothesis.
Rubric: The response must apply the situational comparison logic from Kraut and Johnston's study (comparing facing the pins vs. turning to companions) to laughter, specifying a comparison between a solitary condition (experiencing humor alone) and a social condition (facing/interacting with companions).
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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