The Arrival of Gol's Letter and Khosrow's Quest to Ispahan in Section 28 of the Khosrow Nameh
In Section 28 of the Khosrow Nameh, Farid al-Din Attar begins with a lyric prologue invoking the 'speech of birds' (manteq-e teyr) of spiritual meaning and the restless nightingale (bulbul), symbolizing the poet's relentless drive to sing of love. The narrative then shifts to a pivotal moment of crisis and movement in the romance: Khosrow receives a letter from his beloved, Gol. Overwhelmed by grief and lamentation (zari) upon reading her words, Khosrow is spurred into action. He abandons his former state to embark on a passionate quest, traveling to Ispahan (Isfahan) in pursuit of Gol. This episode illustrates the transition from static, passive yearning to an active physical and spiritual pilgrimage, a classic trope in Persian romantic epics where the lover must endure the hardships of travel to achieve union with the beloved.
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course