Concept

The Illusion of Cosmic Existence and Divine Transcendence in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 7, Poem 2)

In Poem 2 of Chapter 7 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Attar of Nishapur emphasizes the absolute non-existence of any independent being other than God. He suggests that the perception of other existences in the cosmos is an illusion or a flaw in human vision. All cosmic activities and the fervor of angels and humans are depicted as completely insignificant, likened to less than the buzz of a fly, when contrasted with the supreme and all-encompassing Presence of the Divine.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course

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