Concept

The Illusion of Existence and the Reality of Annihilation in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 7, Poem 30)

In Chapter 7, Poem 30 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet expresses profound wonder at the paradoxical nature of existence and the reality of annihilation (fana). He states that the foundation of reality is established upon "nothingness" and highlights that what humans perceive as their enduring existence is merely an illusion ("پندار وجود" or pendar-e vojud) placed before their eyes. This poem illustrates the Sufi mystical perspective that true, eternal existence belongs solely to the Divine, while the phenomenal world and the individual self are transient and illusory.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course

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