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Bias in Memory
Bias is a type of memory distortion where an individual's personal feelings and worldview unconsciously shape their recollection of past events. According to psychologist Daniel Schacter, this cognitive bias can alter memories to be more consistent with one's current beliefs or emotional state.
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Cognitive Psychology
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Ch.8 Memory - Psychology @ OpenStax
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Introduction to Psychology @ OpenStax Course
OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook
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Transience
Absentmindedness
Blocking
Misattribution
Bias in Memory
Persistence
Suggestibility
A witness is interviewed by police immediately after a robbery and gives a detailed description of the perpetrator. A week later, a police officer shows the witness a photo lineup and asks, "Was the man with the scar the one you saw?" The witness, who had not previously mentioned a scar, now incorporates this detail into their memory of the event. Which type of memory error does this scenario best illustrate?
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Types of Bias in Memory
After a very difficult and bitter breakup, Sam begins to reflect on the relationship. Sam once described their first vacation with their partner as 'the most romantic and perfect trip ever.' Now, however, Sam primarily remembers the vacation as being full of arguments, feeling anxious about their partner's mood, and noticing several 'red flags.' Which of the following best explains this significant change in Sam's recollection of the event?