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Ethics Codes
While researchers generally agree on broad moral principles, they can still disagree on how to apply those principles to specific situations that arise during studies. To address these disagreements and provide clear, actionable guidance on frequent ethical issues, professional organizations establish detailed and enforceable ethics codes.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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Acting Responsibly and with Integrity
Seeking Justice
Unavoidable Ethical Conflict
Weighing Risks Against Benefits
Respecting People's Rights and Dignity
Ethics Codes
Which of the following correctly identifies the four widely accepted moral principles that investigators rely on when evaluating the ethics of psychological research?
In psychological research, ethical evaluation is guided by four core moral principles. Match each principle with the specific ethical objective it aims to achieve during the design and implementation of a study.
True or False: In psychological research ethics, the principle of 'seeking justice' is inherently satisfied if a researcher has already fulfilled the principle of 'weighing risks against benefits' by ensuring the study's total social gain exceeds the potential harm to participants.
To perform a comprehensive ethical evaluation using the four moral principles, a researcher must judge the impact of a study across multiple layers of scope. Arrange the following assessment focuses in order, starting from the most specific level of impact to the individuals involved and ending with the most global level of impact on the public.
In psychological research ethics, the four widely accepted moral principles serve as a universally accepted starting point because essentially everyone agrees on these fundamental ideas.
Why do the four core moral principles (weighing risks against benefits, acting with integrity, seeking justice, and respecting people's rights and dignity) serve as a universally accepted starting point for evaluating the ethics of psychological research?
A research team conducting a study on a new educational program recruits participants from both high-performing and low-performing school districts so that the burdens and benefits of the research are distributed fairly across the population. This team is primarily applying the moral principle of seeking _____.
Match each of the four moral principles of scientific research to the research scenario that represents its application.
When analyzing how a study's ethical framework functions, researchers recognize that because essentially everyone agrees on the four core moral principles, these principles serve as a universally accepted _____ for assessing the study's impacts.
Arrange the groups that are impacted by a psychological study's ethical decisions in order from the most immediate/micro level of impact to the most broad/macro level of impact, as outlined in the moral principles framework.
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APA Ethics Code
What is the primary reason professional organizations establish detailed and enforceable ethics codes in research?
Professional organizations establish detailed ethics codes primarily because researchers frequently disagree on the foundational moral principles of scientific research.
A team of psychologists is designing a study on the effects of social media on self-esteem. Match each scenario the team encounters with the specific component of professional ethics it best illustrates.
Arrange the steps in the logical progression that researchers follow when using ethics codes to resolve professional disagreements in a study's design.
Match each term related to professional research standards with its correct description.
Match each ethical concept with its role in guiding researchers.
When researchers agree on broad moral principles but still disagree on how to apply them to specific situations in a study, professional organizations establish ethics codes that provide _____ guidance by translating those principles into detailed, enforceable rules.
A research team unanimously agrees that protecting participant welfare is a core moral value. However, two members disagree about whether a specific deception procedure planned for their study is ethically acceptable. Based on the purpose of professional ethics codes, what is the most appropriate next step for the team?
If all researchers within a professional organization fully agreed on the same broad moral principles, a detailed and enforceable ethics code would be unnecessary, because shared principles alone are sufficient to resolve every specific ethical dispute that arises in a study.
A junior researcher argues that because her team already shares the same core moral values, consulting a written ethics code is an unnecessary step. To evaluate whether this reasoning is sound, the most critical flaw to identify is that agreement on broad moral principles does not guarantee agreement on how to _____ those principles in specific research situations.
Based on the provided context, state the primary reason professional organizations establish detailed and enforceable ethics codes, even though researchers generally agree on broad moral principles.
Explain why the team's shared agreement on broad moral principles was not enough to prevent their deadlock, and describe how consulting the professional organization's ethics code will help them resolve it.
A psychology professor wants to ensure their student researchers have clear, actionable guidance for handling frequent ethical issues during a new study. Apply the concepts from the text to identify what type of resource the professor should instruct the students to use, and specify what purpose it serves regarding moral principles.