In Section 50 of Hadiqat al-Haqiqah, Sanai outlines a fundamental cosmological framework by detailing the four classical elements (arkan or tabayi') and the three kingdoms of nature (mawalid-i thalatha) that emerge from their interaction.

The Four Classical Elements:

Sanai describes a nested, hierarchical structure descending from the celestial spheres down to the terrestrial center:

• Fire (Atash): The first and uppermost element immediately below the celestial spheres.
• Air (Hava): The space and atmosphere filling the region below the sphere of fire down to the center.
• Water (Bahr-i Akhzar or Green Sea): The third layer, representing the oceans and water bodies.
• Earth (Aghbar-i Tireh): The fourth, lowest, and most solid element forming the physical center of the universe.

The Three Kingdoms of Nature:

Combining these four elements creates the sublunary world, categorized into three ascending kingdoms of generation:

1. **Plants (*Nabat...