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Reversal Design
The reversal design, also referred to as the ABA design, is the most fundamental single-subject research design. In this approach, a researcher first establishes a baseline of the dependent variable (Phase A), then introduces a treatment (Phase B), and finally removes the treatment to return the participant to the baseline condition (Phase A).
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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Process of Single-Case Designs
Uses of Single-Case Designs
Comparison of Single-Subject and Group Research
Comparison of Single-Subject Research and Case Studies
Intensive Focus on Individuals in Single-Subject Research
Early History of Single-Subject Research
Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Theoretical Perspectives in Single-Subject Research
Reversal Design
AB Design
Visual Inspection in Single-Subject Research
Statistical Analysis in Single-Subject Research
Assumptions of Single-Subject Research
Vance Hall's Study on Teacher Attention
Single-Subject Research Designs
Which of the following best characterizes the methodology of single-subject research?
True or False: In single-subject research, the investigator focuses on the behavior of each individual participant as a separate unit of analysis, typically involving between two and ten people in a study.
A psychology researcher is designing a study using a single-subject methodology. Match each specific scenario description below with the core principle of single-subject research it demonstrates.
A researcher is utilizing a single-subject design to analyze whether a specific behavioral intervention causes a reduction in a participant's off-task behavior. To establish experimental control and identify a functional relationship between the intervention and the behavior, arrange the following steps in the correct logical sequence.
A researcher wants to design a quantitative study to test whether a new behavioral intervention reduces the frequency of 'vocal tics' in 3 specific participants. To create a rigorous experiment following the principles of small- design, which of the following protocols should the researcher construct to establish experimental control and demonstrate the intervention's effect on each individual?
True or False: Single-subject research is a qualitative methodology that focuses on subjective experiences rather than utilizing quantitative techniques to analyze objective behavior.
A psychologist reviewing a single-subject (small-) study with only four participants must judge whether the researcher compensated for the absence of a large sample size by applying strict _____ and control over each individual's behavior to ensure scientific rigor.
Match each researcher's study scenario with the corresponding core feature of single-subject research it demonstrates.
A psychologist is analyzing a study that focuses closely on the behavior of four participants. To categorize this methodology, the psychologist notes that since the statistical symbol for sample size is represented by , this type of study is referred to as a small-_____ design.
An editor must evaluate whether a newly submitted manuscript qualifies as a single-subject research design based on its methodological characteristics. Arrange the evaluation steps in the logical order the editor should perform them, from identifying the broad research paradigm to verifying specific design controls.
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Baseline Phase
Treatment Phase
Internal Validity of Reversal Designs
Multiple-Treatment Reversal Design
Alternating Treatments Design
ABAB Design
Internal Validity in Reversal Designs
ABAB Reversal Design Example
Limitations of Reversal Design
Arrange the phases of a fundamental reversal design (ABA design) in the correct chronological order.
In a research study using a reversal design (ABA), what is the primary scientific purpose of withdrawing the treatment and returning to the baseline condition in the final phase?
A researcher is investigating the effectiveness of a 'gold star' reward system on a student's on-task behavior using a reversal design. Match each specific step of the study to its corresponding phase label in the ABA model.
In a single-subject reversal design (ABA), if a researcher observes that the target behavior does not return to baseline levels after the treatment is withdrawn, they can still definitively conclude that the treatment was the primary cause of the initial change.
When evaluating the appropriateness of a reversal (ABA) design for a specific study, a researcher must ensure that the target behavior is ______; if the behavior will not return to baseline levels once the treatment is removed, the design cannot effectively demonstrate experimental control.
Which of the following alternative names is commonly used to refer to the reversal design, the most fundamental single-subject research design?
In a single-subject reversal (ABA) design, the 'reversal' in the final phase is achieved by introducing an opposite treatment to actively force the behavior back to its baseline state.
A clinical psychologist is evaluating a new deep-breathing exercise to reduce a patient's daily anxiety attacks. Match each proposed action in the study to its corresponding phase within a standard ABA reversal design.
In a research study utilizing a single-subject ABA design, the researcher withdraws the treatment in the third phase specifically to return the participant to the _____, thereby analyzing whether the treatment was the actual cause of any behavioral change.
An educational researcher is evaluating the causal impact of a peer-tutoring program on a student's spelling accuracy using a reversal design. Arrange the steps of the study in the correct chronological order to assess the treatment's effectiveness.