Educational psychology is the field to focus on learning and development. To help  individual better understand and appreciate human diversity, teachers are supposed to realize there's no "average" students. Each one has unique talent and prior experiences, so it's important to value students' differences.

Teaching about Diversity

Students who are women, men, gender fluid, gender non-binary, transgender, gender nonconforming, or any other labels relating to a person's gender or gender expression

Gender diversity in Students

- Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Learning Impairment Disorders
- Down's Syndrome
- William's Syndrome
- Disability Cultural Centers (DCCs)

Student Diversity - Disabilities

An academic institution that has socioeconomic diversity has a mix of students from different income levels, social backgrounds, and in some cases, racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Socio-Economic Status Diversity

The demographics of a group of students. The more varried the demographics are, the more diverse the group is.

University of Connecticut

Grinnell College

Boston College

Georgetown University

- Intelligence
- Cognitive Development
- Motivation
- Self-Regulation
- Self-Concept
- Study Habits
- Student Diversity
- Learning Science
- Learning Disabilities
- Physical Development
- Memory
- Knowledge
- Levels of Education
- Academic Anxiety
- Academic Goals & Achievement 

Focuses of Educational Psychology

Knapp, N. (2005). "They're Not All Like Me!": The Role of Educational Psychology in Preparing Teachers for Diversity. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 78(5), 202-206. https://doi.org/10.3200/tchs.78.5.202-206

"They're Not All Like Me!": The Role of Educational Psychology in Preparing Teachers for Diversity

Seifert, K., &amp; Sutton, R. (2009). Student Diversity. In Educational Psychology (pp. 66–84). Open Textbook Library. 

Educational Psychology

Sorensen, R., & Hartung, T. (1987). Student Diversity and Personality Type. NACTA Journal, 31(3), 26-29. Retrieved January 3, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43764507

Student Diversity and Personality Type

Intelligence is a complex cognitive characteristic involving the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. It enables individuals to reason, solve problems, plan, and adapt to new situations using logic, understanding, and creativity. Numerous theories have been developed to explain its nature, such as Sternberg's triarchic theory and Gardner's proposal that intelligence comprises multiple factors. Other perspectives also emphasize the significance of emotional intelligence.

Intelligence

A person's own perception or evaluation of themselves, includes feelings, attitudes, behaviors, desires, and judgements that one considers to be characteristic of themselves.

Self-Concept

Understanding or awareness of something or the sum total of one's understanding/awareness of all things.

Knowledge

Information and knowledge encoded into the brain to be retrieved 

Memory

Motivation

How personality affects an individual's behavior in an educational setting, thereby influencing their learning experience.

Personality Psychology in Education

Learning science an interdisciplinary field that works to further our understanding of learning as well as to engage in the design and implementation of learning innovations. Contributing fields include cognitive science, computer science, educational psychology, anthropology, and applied linguistics. 

Learning Science

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders that impact specific areas of cognition, such as language or reading. They are classified as specific neurological impairments, distinguishing them from global intellectual or developmental disabilities. A key characteristic is that they often affect individuals with average to above-average intelligence, meaning the disability is confined to a particular cognitive area and is not an indicator of overall intellectual capability.

Learning Disabilities

The levels of education indicate how rigorous a curriculum is. Students start at the lower levels and move up as they graduate from each level.
- Higher level
- Secondary level 
- Basic education

Levels of education

Self-regulation, also known as willpower, is the process of identifying one or more goals and using internal feedback (such as thoughts and affect) and external feedback (such as responses from the environment) to maximize the attainment of those goals. It is often associated with the ability to delay gratification.

Self-Regulation

Student Diversity

Cognitive development refers to the changes in an individual's mental processes. This domain includes the development of learning, attention, memory, language abilities, thinking, reasoning skills, and creativity.

Cognitive Development

A person's overall subjective evaluation on their worth, and how they feel about the evaluation. Those with high self esteem tend to feel hopeful, and those with low self esteem tend to feel hopeless and withdraw. Typically either a positive or negative evaluation of traits, abilities, etc.

Self-Esteem

Physical development is the sense of students’ health needs related to their age or maturity and the foundation of many academic tasks. 

* For Example:
- Successfully manipulate a pencil
- How long they can sit still without discomfort

Physical Development in Students

 “The acquisition of knowledge and skill through active help and support among status equals or matched companions”

Peer Learning

The learner’s dictionary defines study as “ the mental effort to obtain knowledge.” This means that studying is essentially the “art of learning” which can help the individual not just obtain information but also the habit and skill to study. Habit on the other hand is defined as “ a pattern of activity which through repetition, has been learned to the point that it has become automatic and can be carried on with a minimum of conscious effect.”


Study Habits

Academic Anxiety is the feelings of concern, worry, and dread associated with academic settings and tasks. Assignments, tests, exams, subjects, and societal pressures (parents, peers, instructors, etc.) are all factors in academic anxiety. There will usually be noticeably high areas of concern in the following areas: physiological, cognitive, behavioral, and (occasionally) social. 

Academic Anxiety 

An academic goal is an aspiration or desired outcome related to educational advancement. It involves the knowledge acquired, skills mastered, and projects completed by a student in an educational setting.

Learn Before

Related

Learn After