Case Study

Analyzing Between-Country vs. Within-Country Inequality

Imagine a chart that visualizes income distribution. Countries are arranged horizontally from left to right by increasing overall average income. For each country, a series of vertical bars shows the average income for each 10% segment of the population (a decile), progressing from the poorest 10% to the richest 10%. An analyst observes that the average income of the poorest 10% in Country A is greater than the average income of the richest 10% in Country B. Based only on this observation and the described chart structure, what must be true about the relative positions of Country A and Country B on the chart? Explain your reasoning and what this specific finding illustrates about the different dimensions of global inequality.

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Updated 2025-08-06

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