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روضهٔ اول / Rowze 1 — The First Garden of Baharestan (Sayings of the Sufi Elders)

Jami's Baharestan, modeled on Sa'di's Gulistan, is organized not as a flat list of sections but into eight thematic gardens (روضه / rowzeh), each preceded by an introduction and made up of short prose anecdotes capped by verse.

روضهٔ اول (the First Garden) is the opening chapter, devoted to the sayings, spiritual states, and counsel of the sufi masters and elders (mashayikh). The numbered sections belonging to it — such as the counsel of پیر هرات / Pir-e Herat (Khwaja Abdullah Ansari) to learn a saying from every elder, and if one cannot, at least to keep their names in memory so as to gain benefit — sit under this garden rather than directly under the whole collection. Placing the individual sections beneath their garden preserves the structural path Baharestan -> Rowze -> Section and makes the shared theme of each garden legible to a learner.

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Updated 2026-07-20

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Persian Literature Prerequisite Course