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بخش ۳۶ - ۳۶ ابویعقوب یوسف بن حسین الرازی، رضی اللّه عنه / Section 36 - 36 Abu Ya'qub Yusuf ibn Husayn al-Razi, May Allah Be Pleased with Him

Original content

و منهم: بدیع عصر، و رفیع قدر، ابویعقوب یوسف بن حسین الرازی، رضی الله عنه از کبرای ائمهٔ وقت بود و قدمای مشایخ زمان. عمری نیکو یافت. مرید ذی النون مصری بود و با بسیاری از شیوخ صحبت داشته بود و جمله را خدمت کرده. از وی می آید که گفت: «أذل الناس الفقیر الطموع والمحب لمحبوبه.» ذلیل ترین همه مردمان درویش طماع باشد؛ چنان که شریف ترین ایشان فقرای صادق باشند. و طمع مر درویش را به ذل دو جهانی افکند؛ ازآنچه درویشان خود در چشم اهل دنیا حقیرند، چون بدیشان طمع کنند حقیرتر گردند. پس غنای به عز بسیار تمام تر از فقر به ذل بود و طمع مر درویش را به تکذیب صرف منسوب کند و دیگر محب مر محبوب خود را نیز ذلیل ترین همه خلق باشد؛ که محب مر خود را در مقابلهٔ محبوب خود سخت حقیر شناسد و مر او را متواضع باشد و این هم از نتایج طمع بود. چون طمع گسسته شد ذل بجمله عز گردد. و تا زلیخا را به یوسف طمعی می بود هر زمان ذلیل تر بود و چون طمع بگسست خدای تعالی جمال و جوانی بدو بازداد. و سنت چنین رفته است که اقبال محب اعراض محبوب تقاضا کند. چون محب دوستی را دربرگیرد و به صرف دوستی از دوست فارغ شود و با دوستی بیارامد لامحاله که دوست بدو اقبال کند و به حقیقت محبت عز است تا طمع وصلت نبود، چون محب را طمع وصال باشد و برنیاید، عزش همه ذل شود. و هر محبی را که وجود دوستی از وصال و فراق دوست مشغول نگرداند آن محبت وی معلول باشد.

English translation

And among them: the wonder of the age and of lofty rank, Abu Ya'qub Yusuf ibn Husayn al-Razi, may Allah be pleased with him. He was among the great imams of his time and the ancients of the masters of his age. He enjoyed a good, long life. He was a disciple of Dhu'l-Nun al-Misri, and he kept company with many shaykhs and served them all. It is related from him that he said: 'The most abased of people is the greedy poor man and the one who loves his beloved.' The most abject of all people is the greedy dervish, just as the most noble of them is the truthful poor. Greed casts the dervish into abasement in both worlds; for dervishes are already contemptible in the eyes of the people of the world, and when they become greedy toward them they become still more contemptible. So wealth with honor is far more complete than poverty with abasement, and greed attributes the dervish to sheer falsehood. Likewise, the lover of his beloved is also the most abject of all creatures; for the lover regards himself as utterly contemptible in relation to his beloved and is humble before him, and this too is among the fruits of greed. When greed is severed, abasement wholly turns into honor. As long as Zulaykha had greed for Yusuf, she grew ever more abased, and when her greed was severed, God Most High restored to her beauty and youth. It is the established custom that the lover's advancing toward the beloved calls forth the beloved's turning away. When the lover embraces love, becomes free of the beloved through pure love, and rests in love itself, then inevitably the beloved turns toward him; for in truth love is honor so long as there is no greed for union. When the lover has greed for union and it is not attained, all his honor becomes abasement. And any lover whose being of love is not wholly occupied with union with, or separation from, the beloved—his love is defective.

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Updated 2026-07-20

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course

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