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بخش ۱ - ۱ اویس قرنی، رضی اللّه عنه / Section 1 - 1 Uwais al-Qarni, May Allah Be Pleased with Him

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و منهم: آفتاب امت، و شمع دین و ملت، اویس قرنی، رضی الله عنه
از کبار مشایخ اهل تصوف بود و اندر عهد رسول -علیه السلام- بود؛ اما ممنوع گشت از دیدار پیغمبر علیه السلام به دو چیز: یکی به غلبهٔ حال و دیگر به حق والده و پیغمبر -علیه السلام- مر صحابه را گفت: «مردی است از قرن، اویس نام که او را به قیامت همچون ربیعه و مضر شفاعت بباشد اندر امت من.» و روی به عمر و علی -رضي الله عنهما- کرد و گفت: «شما مر او را ببینید، و وی مردی است بسته و میانه بالا و شعرانی، و بر پهلوی وی چون یک درم سفید است و بر کف دستش سفیدی است جز برص، و وی را به عدد ربیعه و مضر شفاعت باشد اندر امت من. چون ببینیدش سلام من بدو برسانید و بگویید تا امت مرا دعا گوید.»

و چون عمر -رضي الله عنه- از بعد وفات پیغمبر -علیه السلام- به مکه آمد و امیرالمؤمنین علی با وی بود، اندر میان خطبه گفت: «یا أهل نجد، قوموا.» اهل نجد برخاستند. گفت: «از قرن کسی هست میان شما؟» گفتند: «بلی.» قومی را بدو فرستادند. امیرالمؤمنین عمر -رضي الله عنه- خبر اویس از ایشان بپرسید. گفتند: «دیوانه ای هست، اویس نام، که اندر آبادانی ها نیاید و با کس صحبت نکند و آن چه مردمان خورند نخورد و غم و شادی نداند. چون مردمان بخندند وی بگرید و چون بگریند، وی بخندد.» گفت: «وی را می خواهم». گفتند: «به صحراست به نزدیک اشتران ما.» امیرین -رضي الله عنهما- برخاستند و به نزدیک وی شدند. وی را یافتند در نماز استاده. بنشستند تا فارغ شد و بر ایشان سلام گفت و نشان پهلو و کف دست بدیشان نمود تا ایشان را معلوم شد. از وی دعا خواستند و سلام پیغمبر -علیه السلام- بدو برسانیدند و به دعای امت وصیت کردند، و زمانی پیش وی ببودند. تا گفت: «رنجه گشتید. اکنون بازگردید که قیامت نزدیک است. آنگاه ما را دیدار بود که مر آن را بازگشتن نبود؛ که من اکنون به ساختن برگ راه قیامت مشغولم.»
و چون اهل قرن بازگشتند وی را حرمتی و جاهی پدیدار آمد اندر میانهٔ ایشان. وی از آن جا برفت و به کوفه آمد و هرم بن حیان رضی الله عنه روزی وی را بدید و از پس آن هیچ کسش دیگر ندید، تا به وقت فتن حروب امیرالمؤمنین علی کرم الله وجهه بیامد و بر موافقت علی با اعدای وی حرب همی کرد تا روز حرب صفین شهادت یافت. عاش حمیدا و مات شهیدا.

از وی روایت آرند که گفت: «السلامة فی الوحده.»
سلامت اندر تنهایی بود؛ از آن که دل کسی که تنها بود از اندیشهٔ غیر رسته بود و اندر جملهٔ احوال از خلق نومید گشته؛ تا از جملهٔ آفت ایشان سلامت یافته و روی از جملهٔ ایشان برتافته، اما اگر کسی پندارد که وحدت تنها زیستن بود، محال باشد؛ که تا شیطان را با دل کسی صحبت بود و نفس را اندر صدر وی سلطان و تا دنیا و عقبی را بر فکرت وی گذر بود و تا اندیشهٔ خلق بر سر وی می گذرد هنوز وحدت نباشد؛ ازیرا که عین چیز و اندیشهٔ چیز هر دو یکی باشد. پس آن که وحید بود، اگر صحبت کند صحبت مزاحم وحدت وی نباشد؛ و آن که مشغول بود عزلت سبب فراغت وی نباشد. پس انقطاع از انس جز به انس نباشد. آن را که با حق انس بود، مخالطت انس انس را مضادت نکند آن را که مؤانست انس بود انس را بر دلش گذر نباشد و وی را از انس حق خبر نباشد؛ «لأن الوحدة صفة عبد صاف سمع قوله، تعالی: ألیس الله بکاف عبده (۳۶/الزمر).»

English translation

And among them: the sun of the community, and the lamp of religion and faith, Uwais al-Qarni, may Allah be pleased with him. He was among the great masters of the people of Sufism, and he lived in the era of the Messenger—peace be upon him—but he was prevented from meeting the Prophet—peace be upon him—by two things: one, by the overwhelming of the spiritual state, and the other, by the right owed to his mother. And the Prophet—peace be upon him—said to the Companions: 'There is a man from Qaran, named Uwais, who will intercede on the Day of Resurrection for as many as [the tribes of] Rabi'a and Mudar within my community.' And he turned toward Umar and Ali—may Allah be pleased with them—and said: 'You two shall see him; he is a man of firm and medium stature, hairy, and on his side there is a white spot like a dirham, and on the palm of his hand there is a whiteness that is not leprosy, and he will intercede for as many as Rabi'a and Mudar within my community. When you see him, convey my greeting to him and tell him to pray for my community.' And when Umar—may Allah be pleased with him—came to Mecca after the death of the Prophet—peace be upon him—and the Commander of the Faithful Ali was with him, in the middle of the sermon he said: 'O people of Najd, stand up.' The people of Najd stood up. He said: 'Is there anyone from Qaran among you?' They said: 'Yes.' They sent a group to him. The Commander of the Faithful Umar—may Allah be pleased with him—asked them about Uwais. They said: 'There is a madman, named Uwais, who does not come into the settlements and keeps company with no one and does not eat what people eat and knows neither sorrow nor joy. When people laugh, he weeps, and when they weep, he laughs.' He said: 'I want him.' They said: 'He is in the wilderness, near our camels.' The two commanders—may Allah be pleased with them—rose and went to him. They found him standing in prayer. They sat until he finished, and he greeted them and showed them the mark on his side and the palm of his hand, until it became clear to them. They asked him for prayer, and conveyed to him the greeting of the Prophet—peace be upon him—and charged him to pray for the community, and they stayed with him a while. Until he said: 'You have troubled yourselves. Now return, for the Resurrection is near. Then we shall have a meeting to which there is no returning; for I am now occupied with preparing provisions for the road of the Resurrection.' And when the people of Qaran returned, a reverence and standing appeared for him among them. He departed from there and came to Kufa, and Haram ibn Hayyan—may Allah be pleased with him—saw him one day, and after that no one else saw him, until at the time of the turmoil of the wars of the Commander of the Faithful Ali—may Allah honor his face—he came and, in agreement with Ali, waged war against his enemies until, on the day of the Battle of Siffin, he attained martyrdom. He lived praiseworthy and died a martyr. It is related from him that he said: 'Safety is in solitude.' Safety lies in aloneness; because the heart of one who is alone is freed from the thought of the other, and in all states has come to despair of creation, so that he has attained safety from all their harm and has turned his face away from all of them. But if someone imagines that solitude (wahdat) means living alone, that is absurd; for as long as Satan keeps company with someone's heart, and the carnal self (nafs) is sultan in his breast, and as long as this world and the hereafter have passage over his thought, and as long as the thought of creation passes over his head, there is still no solitude; for the essence of a thing and the thought of a thing are both one. So the one who is [truly] solitary (wahid), if he keeps company, that company is no disturbance to his solitude; and the one who is [inwardly] preoccupied, seclusion is no cause of his freedom. So severance from intimacy is only through intimacy. He who has intimacy with the Truth—mingling with human company does not contradict his [divine] intimacy; he who has fellowship with human company—[divine] intimacy has no passage over his heart, and he has no knowledge of intimacy with the Truth; 'for solitude is the attribute of a pure servant who has heard His saying, exalted is He: Is not Allah sufficient for His servant? (39:36, al-Zumar).'

Updated 2026-07-19

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