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بخش ۱۵ - داستان آفتاب دولت فیلقوس به سر دیوار رسیدن و آیینه اسکندری را در مقابله آن داشتن و فروغ آن را در وی دیدن و سلطنت رابه ربقه تصرف وی در آوردن و از استاد وی ارسطو طلب وصیت کردن / Section 15 - The Tale of the Sun of Filqus's Fortune Reaching the Top of the Wall, Holding the Alexandrian Mirror Against It, Seeing Its Radiance Within It, Bringing the Sovereignty into the Bond of His Possession, and Requesting a Testament from His Teacher Aristotle

Original content

سکندر چو ز آلایش جهل پاک
شد از علم یونانیان بهره ناک

ز ناسازی روزگار شموس
نگونسار شد دولت فیلقوس

درین شش جهت کارگاه خیال
مزاجش بگشت از حد اعتدال

درین وحشت آباد پر قال و قیل
به گوش آمدش بانگ طبل رحیل

فرستاد پیش ارسطو کسی
ستایشگری کرد با او بسی

بدو گفت کای کوه فر و شکوه
سردین پرستان دانش پژوه

مرا بازوی عمر سستی گرفت
تنم کسوت نادرستی گرفت

بیا زود همراه شاگرد خویش
پذیرنده کرد و ناکرد خویش

که بر کار عمر اعتمادی نماند
وز این بند امید گشادی نماند

کمین کرد بر جان کمند اجل
به سر برد میدان سمند امل

ارسطو چو زین قصه آگاه شد
به آن قبله ملک همراه شد

رخ آورد در خدمت فیلقوس
سرافراخت از دولت پایبوس

ملک فیلقوس آن شه سرفراز
به روی سکندر چو شد دیده باز

حکیمان آن ناحیت را بخواند
طفیل سکندر به مجلس نشاند

بفرمود تا از پی آزمون
بپرسندش از مشکلات فنون

ز هر نکته کردند او را سؤال
برون آمد از عهده قیل و قال

به انصاف گردن برافراشتند
به تحسین او بانگ برداشتند

که شاها سکندر همه بخردیست
دلش روشن از پرتو ایزدیست

نمانده ست هیچ آرزو در دلش
که نبود ز دانشوری حاصلش

بر آن کس هزار آفرین بیش باد
که بر وی در گنج حکمت گشاد

جهان را ز بی حکمتی نیست بیم
چو باشد در او حاکم اینسان حکیم

ز حکمت نزاید به جز عدل و داد
ز حکمت چه امکان ظلم و فساد

چو شد واقف حال او فیلقوس
بر اهل ممالک چه روم و چه روس

دگرباره دادش به شاهی رواج
بدو کرد تسلیم اورنگ و تاج

همه سرکشان خاک راهش شدند
سلاح آوران سپاهش شدند

وز آن پس در آن پیر حکمت شناس
رخ آورد و کرد این مراد التماس

که ای گنج حکمت قلم تیز کن
خردنامه ای از نو انگیز کن

که اسرار شاهی بدان در بود
قلاووز راه سکندر بود

به هر کار کآرد درین عرصه روی
نخستین از آنجا شود بهره جوی

گر آن کار باشد به وفق خرد
به پای کفایت بدان پی برد

وگرنه بدارد ازان کار دست
کند بر سریر فراغت نشست

ارسطو چو بشنید آن سر نغز
تهی خامه را داد از اندیشه مغز

به نام خدای اول آغاز کرد
وز آن پس خردنامه ای ساز کرد

همه شرح حکم الهی در او
همه بسط دستور شاهی در او

سراسر صلاح معاد و معاش
ز بدکاری مفسدان دور باش

چو آن طرفه نامه به عنوان رسید
تک و پوی خامه به پایان رسید

دل فیلقوس از غم آزاد شد
وز آن خوش رقم خاطرش شاد شد

برآمد ز وی همره جان دمی
وز آن دم به خون غرقه شد عالمی

ازین غم دلی کو زبون نیست نیست
ز تیغ اجل غرق خون نیست نیست

خردمند را زان جگر خون بود
که هر لحظه گیتی دگرگون بود

گهی مرگ باشد گهی زندگی
گهی پادشاهی گهی بندگی

پدر را کند جا به تخته ز تخت
پسر را کند زان جگر لخت لخت

پسر را برد از قبا در کفن
پدر را زند چاک در پیرهن

خوش آن زیرک مغز بین زیر پوست
که از مرگ هر کس چه دشمن چه دوست

نیارد به دل جز غم خویشتن
ندارد به جز ماتم خویشتن

نه از مردن خصم خرم شود
نه از ماتم دوست در هم شود

بود از غم خویش دردیش خاص
که از دشمن و دوست باشد خلاص

بیا جامی از این و آن در گذر
وز این دار و گیر جهان درگذر

پی دوستان سوکداری مکن
ز خون جگر اشکباری مکن

مبین مرگ بدخواه را برگ خویش
به یاد آر ازان نوبت مرگ خویش

ز آیینه ات زنگ غفلت زدای
به هر نیک و بد چشم عبرت گشای

نگویم که بر نیک و بر بد گری
ببین مرگ ایشان و بر خود گری

غم دور و نزدیک چندین مخور
کس از تو به تو نیست نزدیکتر

English translation

When Alexander was cleansed of the pollution of ignorance, He became enriched by the knowledge of the Greeks. Through the discord of the recalcitrant times, The fortune of Filqus was overturned. In this six-directioned workshop of fancy, His constitution departed from the bounds of moderation. In this desolate abode full of clamor, The sound of the drum of departure reached his ear. He sent someone to Aristotle, And praised him greatly, Saying to him: O mountain of splendor and majesty, Chief of the devout, the seekers of knowledge, The arm of my life has grown feeble, My body has donned the garment of infirmity. Come quickly, together with your pupil, Accepting what you have done and left undone, For there remains no trust in the work of life, And from this bond no hope of release remains. The noose of death has ambushed the soul, The steed of hope has run out its field. When Aristotle became aware of this matter, He set out toward that qibla of kingship. He turned to serve Filqus, And exalted himself by the fortune of kissing his feet. King Filqus, that exalted king, When he opened his eyes upon Alexander's face, Summoned the sages of that region, And seated them in assembly as guests through Alexander. He commanded that, by way of examination, They question him on the difficulties of the sciences. On every point they questioned him, And he acquitted himself of the debate. In fairness they raised their heads, And lifted their voices in his praise, Saying: O King, Alexander is all wisdom; His heart is illumined by the divine light. No desire remains in his heart That is not attained through learning. A thousand praises be upon the one Who opened for him the treasure-door of wisdom. The world need not fear lack of wisdom When such a sage is its ruler. From wisdom nothing is born but justice and equity; From wisdom, how could oppression and corruption arise? When Filqus became aware of his state, Over the peoples of the realms, both Rum and Rus, Once again he gave him currency in kingship, And surrendered to him the throne and the crown. All the rebels became the dust of his road, The bearers of arms became his army. And after that, to that wisdom-knowing elder He turned and made this request, Saying: O treasure of wisdom, sharpen your pen, Compose anew a Book of Wisdom, That the secrets of kingship might lie therein, And be a guide upon Alexander's road, So that in every matter he faces in this arena, He would first seek his profit from it: If that matter accords with reason, He would pursue it with the foot of competence; And if not, he would withhold his hand from it, And sit upon the throne of ease. When Aristotle heard that fine intention, He gave the empty pen the marrow of thought. In the name of God he first began, And then composed a Book of Wisdom: All the exposition of divine wisdom in it, All the elaboration of royal rule in it, Entirely the welfare of the hereafter and this life, And a warning away from the evildoing of the corrupt. When that wondrous book reached its title, The running and striving of the pen reached its end. The heart of Filqus was freed from sorrow, And by that fair writing his mind was gladdened. A breath departed from him along with his soul, And by that breath a whole world was drowned in blood. From this grief, there is no heart that is not made helpless; By the sword of death, none that is not drowned in blood. The wise one's liver is turned to blood, Because every moment the world is transformed: Now there is death, now life; Now kingship, now servitude. It moves the father from throne to bier, And thereby tears the son's liver to pieces; It takes the son from robe to shroud, And rends the father's shirt at the collar. Happy that sharp-witted one, keen-seeing beneath the skin, Who, at anyone's death, whether foe or friend, Brings to his heart nothing but grief for himself, Holds nothing but mourning for himself; Who is neither gladdened by the death of an enemy, Nor troubled by mourning for a friend. His own grief is his particular pain, So that he is free from both foe and friend. Come, Jami, pass beyond this and that, And pass beyond this seizing and holding of the world. Do not mourn for friends, Do not shed tears of heart's blood. Do not see the death of an ill-wisher as your provision; Rather recall from it the turn of your own death. Wipe the rust of heedlessness from your mirror, Open the eye of admonition upon every good and ill. I do not say weep for the good and the bad; See their death, and weep for yourself. Do not grieve so much for the far and the near: No one is nearer to you than you yourself.

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Updated 2026-07-19

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