1Cademy - بخش ۶۴ - در بیان معنی کلام و بیان مراتب و اقسام آن و بیان آنکه کدام قدیم است و کدام حادث و بیان آنکه کلام جمادات و نباتات از کدام قبیل است / Section 64 - On the Explanation of the Meaning of Speech and the Explanation of Its Degrees and Kinds, and the Explanation of Which is Eternal and Which is Created, and the Explanation of Which Category the Speech of Inanimate Objects and Plants Belongs to

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Haft Awrang

Poem

بخش ۶۴ - در بیان معنی کلام و بیان مراتب و اقسام آن و بیان آنکه کدام قدیم است و کدام حادث و بیان آنکه کلام جمادات و نباتات از کدام قبیل است / Section 64 - On the Explanation of the Meaning of Speech and the Explanation of Its Degrees and Kinds, and the Explanation of Which is Eternal and Which is Created, and the Explanation of Which Category the Speech of Inanimate Objects and Plants Belongs to

Original content

گرچه آمد بسیط اصل کلام
باشد آن را مراتب و اقسام

هست اصل بسیط آن ز صفات
ز صفاتی که هست لازم ذات

حق تعالی حقایق اسرار
چون کند بهر قایلان اظهار

صفتی را که هست مبداء آن
کرده نامش کلام اهل لسان

پیش آن کو بود به علم علم
این کلام است متصف به قدم

باشد آری به حکم عقل سلیم
صفت ذات همچو ذات قدیم

گاهی آن بی توسط گفتار
آید اندر مراتب و اطوار

چون دلالات جمله موجودات
بر کمال صفات و وحدت ذات

گاهی اندر لباس لفظ و حروف
که مر او را قوالبند و ظروف

وین دو قسم است زانکه حرف و مقال
یا به حس مدرک است یا به خیال

آنچه مدرک همی شود به حواس
ظاهر آمد به پیش عقل و قیاس

وانچه باشد حواس ازان قاصر
هست بر اهل کشف بس ظاهر

موطنش عالم مثال بود
آلت سمع آن خیال بود

گردد از سمع باطن آن مفهوم
سمع ظاهر بود ازان محروم

گفت و گوی فرشتگان با هم
باشد از حرف و صوت آن عالم

هر ملک را در او مثالی هست
که دهدشان در آن مقالی دست

متجسد شود در او ارواح
متروح شود در او شباح

هر چه آید فرو ز عالم جان
قالبی باشدش در آن میدان

وانچه بالا رود ز عالم گل
صورتی یابد اندر آن منزل

وحی تنزیل و رؤیت جبریل
هست احکام آن جهان بی قیل

نطق و تسبیح کز جماد و نبات
بشنوی یا ز عجم حیوانات

همه هست از خواص آن عالم
سمع و حس نیست اندر آن محرم

هر که را شد گشاده راه خیال
اندر آن عالمش دهند مجال

کانچه باشد شنیدنی شنود
رغم محجوب را بدان گرود

وانچه باشد ز دیدنی بیند
دامن از منکر دنی چیند

نسبت این جهان به آن چون است
از حد عقل و فهم بیرون است

گفت شارع کحلقت تلقی
فی فلات بعیدة الأرجا

شرح آن را کسی چه سان سنجد
نیست زانسان که در بیان گنجد

چون سخن را کشید رشته دراز
به سر رشته باید آمد باز

بود سر رشته ذکر بی ادبان
از پی عبرت ادب طلبان

English translation

Although the origin of speech is simple and singular, It has degrees and various kinds. Its simple origin is from the Divine Attributes— Attributes that are inseparable from the divine Essence. When Truth Exalted, to reveal the realities of secrets, Makes them manifest for those who speak, That Attribute which is the source of this manifestation Has been named 'Speech' (Kalam) by the speakers of tongues. Before him who is distinguished by true knowledge, This Speech is characterized by eternity (Qidam). Indeed, by the judgment of the sound mind, An Attribute of the Essence is eternal, just like the Essence itself. Sometimes, without the mediation of spoken words, It manifests in various degrees and states, Such as the indications of all created beings To the perfection of the Attributes and the unity of the Essence. Sometimes it appears in the garment of words and letters, Which are molds and vessels for it. And these are of two kinds, since words and speech Are perceived either by the senses or by the imagination. That which is perceived by the senses Is manifest before intellect and analogy. But that of which the physical senses are incapable Is highly manifest to the people of spiritual unveiling (Kashf). Its abode is the World of Images (Alam al-Mithal), And the instrument of its hearing is the imagination. Through the inner hearing, it becomes understood, While the outer hearing is deprived of it. The conversation of the angels with one another Is composed of the letters and sounds of that world. Every angel has a likeness (Mithal) therein, Which allows them to speak in that realm. Spirits become embodied in it, And physical bodies become spiritualized. Whatever descends from the world of spirit Finds a mold in that arena. And whatever ascends from the world of clay Finds a form in that station. The descent of revelation and the vision of Gabriel Are the undisputed rulings of that world. The speech and glorification that from inanimate objects and plants You hear, or from speechless animals, Are all from the special properties of that world; Physical hearing and senses are not confidants there. Whosoever has the path of imagination opened to him is granted access to that world, So that he may hear whatever is to be heard, Believing in it despite the veiled denier, And see whatever is to be seen, Pulling his hem away from the low rejecter. How is this world related to that one? It is beyond the limit of intellect and understanding. The Lawgiver said, 'I created you as a cast Into a far-stretching wilderness.' How can anyone measure its explanation? It is not of the sort that can be contained in speech. Since the thread of discourse has grown long, One must return to the head of the thread. The head of the thread was the mention of the ill-mannered, For the warning of those who seek refinement.

Updated 2026-07-06

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