1Cademy - بخش ۱۳ - آغاز سخن گستری به شروع در خردنامه اسکندری / Section 13 - The Beginning of Discourse-Spreading with the Commencement of the Kheradnama-ye Eskandari (Book of Alexandrian Wisdom)

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بخش ۱۳ - آغاز سخن گستری به شروع در خردنامه اسکندری / Section 13 - The Beginning of Discourse-Spreading with the Commencement of the Kheradnama-ye Eskandari (Book of Alexandrian Wisdom)

Original content

شناسای تاریخ های کهن
چنین رانده است از سکندر سخن

که مشاطه دولت فیلقوس
چو آراست روی زمین چون عروس

ز دمسازی این عروسش به بر
خدا داد پیرانه سر یک پسر

پسر نی که گردون صدف گوهری
فروزان ز اوج شرف اختری

ز بخشنده نامان چرخ کبود
پی نامش اسکندر آمد فرود

چو بگذشت سال وی از هفت و هشت
وزو فر شاهی فروزنده گشت

پدر صاحب عهد خود ساختش
به تاج کیانی سر افراختش

قوی پنجگان را بدو داد دست
سران را ز جز خدمتش پای بست

چو بیعت گرفتش ز گردنکشان
به سرچشمه علم دادش نشان

فرستاد پیش ارسطالسش
که گردد ز نابخردی حارسش

بدو داد پیغام کای فیلسوف
که خورشید تو رسته است از کسوف

سپهر خرد را تویی آفتاب
ز فیض تو یونان زمین نوریاب

ز دانش شود کار گیتی به ساز
ز بی دانشی کار گردد دراز

ز دل سر زند سر دانش نخست
که بر دست و پا کار گردد درست

اگر در جهان نبود آموزگار
شود تیره از بی خرد روزگار

تفاوت بود اهل تمییز را
به هر کس ندادند هر چیز را

همان به که نادان به دانا رود
که از دانشش کار بالا رود

چو نادان ز دانا کند سرکشی
نبیند ز دوران گیتی خوشی

اگر شاه دوران نباشد حکیم
بود در حضیض جهالت مقیم

ازو شیوه جهل خیزد همه
وزو میوه ظلم ریزد همه

ازو حظ بد کامگاری بود
نصیب نکو خاکساری بود

سکندر که پرورده مهدم اوست
بر او رنگ شاهی ولیعهدم اوست

ز هر نقش لوح دلش ساده است
وی نقش را قابل افتاده است

به قانون اقبال داناش کن
بر اسباب دولت تواناش کن

ز حکمت بدانسان کنش بهره مند
که سازد پس از مرگ نامم بلند

دهد گوهرش را عدالت شرف
مرا گردد اندر عدالت خلف

شود عرصه دهر آباد ازو
دل و جان غمدیدگان شاد ازو

ارسطالس این نکته ها چون شنود
به درس سکندر زبان را گشود

به حکمت چراغ دل افروختش
ره حل هر مشکل آموختش

سکندر که طبع هنر سنج داشت
به امکان درون از هنر گنج داشت

نشد ضایع اندر طلب رنجهاش
ز امکان به فعل آمد آن گنجهاش

به نقادی فکر روشن که بود
گذشت از رفیقان به هر فن که بود

به امداد استاد و همکار نیز
بدانست اسرار بسیار چیز

ز دل حرف نابخردی کاسته
به علم طبیعی شد آراسته

کشید از جمال طبایع نقاب
ز اجسام و اعراض شد بهره یاب

وز آن پس ره جهل کاهی گرفت
فروغ از علوم الهی گرفت

به یزدان شناسی علم برفراخت
ز دانش پژوهی خدا را شناخت

شد از فسحت خاطر آگهش
ریاض ریاضی تماشاگهش

ز اقلیدس اقلیدش آمد به دست
طلسمات گنج مجسطی شکست

کمالات وی شد ز قوت سرای
به سر منزل فعل محمل گشای

نهالش درین باغ کون و فساد
شکوفه برآورد و بر نیز داد

شد از گردش چرخ دیرین اساس
حقایق پذیر و دقایق شناس

بلی حکمت آنست پیش حکیم
که بر راه دانش شود مستقیم

به نور دل پاک حکمت پرست
برد پی به هر چیز آنسان که هست

چو تحسین صورت نه مقدور اوست
در آرایش باطن آورده روست

کشد خامه در دفتر آب و گل
ز دانش دهد زیور جان و دل

English translation

The knower of ancient histories has thus spoken of Alexander: That when the adorner of Philip's fortune had decked the face of the earth like a bride, From the intimacy of this bride in his embrace God granted him, in old age, a single son — Not a son, but the heavens made an oyster of a pearl, a star ablaze from the zenith of honor. From the name-bestowing powers of the dark blue sphere the name Alexander came down for him. When his years passed seven and eight, and the royal glory shone forth from him, The father made him his own heir apparent, and exalted his head with the Kayanid crown. He placed the strong-armed ones under his hand, and bound the chieftains' feet to none but his service. When he had taken allegiance to him from the rebellious, he gave him a sign toward the fountainhead of knowledge. He sent him to Aristotle, that he might guard him against folly. He gave him this message: O philosopher, your sun has emerged from eclipse. You are the sun of the sphere of wisdom; from your grace the land of Greece receives light. Through knowledge the world's affairs are set in order; through ignorance affairs are drawn out long. From the heart first arises the head of knowledge, so that by hand and foot the work is made right. If there were no teacher in the world, the age would grow dark from the witless. There is distinction among people of discernment; not everything was granted to everyone. It is better that the ignorant go to the wise, so that through his knowledge his work rises high. When the ignorant rebels against the wise, he sees no joy from the turning of the world. If the king of the age is not a sage, he abides in the nadir of ignorance. From him arise all the ways of ignorance, and from him fall all the fruits of injustice. From him the wicked's share is triumph, and the good's portion is abasement. Alexander, who is nursed in my cradle, upon whom is the hue of kingship, my heir apparent — The tablet of his heart is blank of every mark, yet he has proved receptive to the mark. Make him wise in the law of fortune, make him capable in the means of prosperity. Let him profit from wisdom in such a way that he makes my name lofty after death. Let justice grant honor to his essence, and let him become my successor in justice. Let the field of the age be made prosperous through him, the hearts and souls of the grieved made glad through him. When Aristotle heard these points, he loosed his tongue to teach Alexander. With wisdom he lit the lamp of his heart, and taught him the way to solve every difficulty. Alexander, who had an art-weighing nature, held within potentiality a treasure of art. His toils in seeking were not squandered; those treasures passed from potency into act. With the critical power of a luminous mind he outstripped his companions in every craft. By the aid of master and fellow too he came to know the secrets of many things. Having pared the mark of folly from his heart, he became adorned with natural science. He drew the veil from the beauty of natures, and gained his portion from bodies and accidents. And after that he took the road of reducing ignorance, and drew his radiance from the divine sciences. He raised up knowledge in the science of God; through the pursuit of knowledge he came to know God. Through the expanse of his aware mind, the gardens of mathematics became his promenade. From Euclid the key came into his hand; he shattered the talismans of the Almagest's treasure. His perfections moved from the house of potency, unloading their burden at the station of act. His sapling, in this garden of generation and corruption, put forth blossom and gave fruit as well. Through the turning of the ancient-founded sphere he became a receiver of truths and a knower of subtleties. Yes — wisdom, in the sage's eyes, is this: that one grow upright upon the road of knowledge. By the light of the pure, wisdom-loving heart he perceives each thing just as it is. Since the perfecting of the outer form is not in his power, he has turned his face to adorning the inner. He draws the pen upon the ledger of water and clay; from knowledge he gives ornament to soul and heart.

Updated 2026-07-20

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