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بخش ۳۸ - کشف الحجاب الأوّل فی معرفة اللّه، تعالی / Section 38 - The First Unveiling of the Veil concerning the Knowledge of God, the Exalted

Original content

قوله، تعالی: «وما قدروا الله حق قدره (۹۱/الأنعام).»
و قال النبی، علیه السلام: «لو عرفتم الله حق معرفته لمشیتم علی البحور لزالت بدعائکم الجبال.»

پس معرفت خداوند تعالی بر دو گونه است: یکی علمی و دیگری حالی و معرفت علمی قاعدهٔ همه خیرات دنیا و آخرت است و مهترین چیزها مر بنده را اندر همه اوقات و احوال، شناخت خدای است، جل جلاله؛ قوله، تعالی: «وما خلقت الجن و الإنس الا لیعبدون (۵۶/الذاریات)،ای لیعرفون.نیافریدیم پریان و آدمیان را مگر از برای آن که تا مرا بشناسند.» پس بیشتری از خلق از این معرض اند، سوای آن که خداوندشان برگزید و از ظلمات دنیا باز رهانید ودلشان را به خود زنده گردانید؛ لقوله، تعالی: «...وجعلنا له نورا یمشی به فی الناس یعنی عمر کمن مثله فی الظمات، یعنی اباجهل (۱۲۲/الأنعام).»
پس معرفت حیات دل بود به حق و اعراض سر از جز حق و قیمت هر کس به معرفت بود و هر که را معرفت نبود وی بی قیمت بود. پس مردمان از علما و فقها و غیر آن صحت علم را به خداوند معرفت خواندند و مشایخ این طایفه صحت حال را به خداوند معرفت خواندند. و از آن بود که معرفت را فاضل تر از علم خواندند؛ که صحت حال جز به صحت علم نباشد و صحت علم سحت حال نباشد؛ یعنی عارف نباشد که به حق عالم نباشد، اما عالم بود که عارف نبود و آنان که بدین علم جاهل بودند از هر دو طایفه، اندر این مناظرهٔ بی فایده کردند و آن گروه بر این گروه انکار کردند و این گروه بر آن. و اکنون من سر این را کشف کنم تا هر دو گروه را فایده ظاهر گردد، ان شاء الله.

English translation

His words, the Exalted: 'And they did not appraise God with the appraisal due to Him (Qur'an 6:91).' And the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 'If you knew God with the true knowledge due to Him, you would walk upon the seas, and by your prayer the mountains would be removed.' So the gnosis (ma'rifat) of God, the Exalted, is of two kinds: one is of knowledge ('ilmi) and the other of state (hali). And knowledge-based gnosis is the foundation of all the good things of this world and the hereafter, and the greatest of things for the servant, at all times and in all states, is the recognition of God, majestic is His majesty. His words, the Exalted: 'And I did not create the jinn and mankind except that they should worship Me (Qur'an 51:56),' that is, that they should know Me. We did not create the jinn and humankind except so that they might know Me. So most of creation are turned away from this, apart from those whom their Lord has chosen and delivered from the darknesses of this world and whose hearts He has made alive through Himself; according to His words, the Exalted: '...and We made for him a light by which he walks among the people (Qur'an 6:122),' meaning Umar, 'like one who is in the darknesses,' meaning Abu Jahl. So gnosis is the life of the heart through the Truth (Haqq) and the turning of the innermost self away from all other than the Truth; and the worth of each person is according to his gnosis, and whoever has no gnosis is without worth. So the people—among the scholars and jurists and others—called the soundness of knowledge concerning God 'gnosis,' and the masters of this group (the Sufis) called the soundness of state concerning God 'gnosis.' And it was for this reason that they called gnosis more excellent than knowledge; for soundness of state does not come about except through soundness of knowledge, whereas soundness of knowledge is not [necessarily] soundness of state; that is, there can be no gnostic ('arif) who is not knowledgeable ('alim) of the Truth, but there may be a knower who is not a gnostic. And those from both groups who were ignorant of this knowledge engaged in this useless disputation, and that group denied this group, and this group denied that one. And now I shall unveil the secret of this, so that its benefit may become manifest to both groups, God willing.

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Updated 2026-07-20

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