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بخش ۳ - قصه قاصد فرستادن قیصر روم به نوشیروان تا معلوم کند که با وی در چه مقام است درصدد صلح است یا در معرض جنگ و انتقام است / Section 3 - The Story of the Caesar of Rome Sending an Envoy to Nushirvan to Ascertain His Position Toward Him, Whether He Seeks Peace or is on the Verge of War and Revenge

Original content

قیصر روم سوی نوشیروان
قاصدی هوشمند کرد روان

قاصد شاه هوشمند سزد
تا ز خامی خیال کج نپزد

چون فرستاد از خرد زنده ست
آن خردمندی فرستنده ست

بعد ماهی که رنج راه کشید
به در بارگاه شاه رسید

دید شاهی به عدل بنشسته
در به روی ستمگران بسته

می فرستاد سوی هر کشور
عاملی زیرک و خرد پرور

نکته های گرانبها می سفت
هر یکی را جداجدا می گفت

که چو منزل به هر دیار کنید
با رعایا به رفق کار کنید

مرد دهقان چو تنگدست بود
وز لگدکوب فاقه پست بود

نامراد و امین نهید او را
تخم و گاو و زمین دهید او را

آبیاری کنید کشتش را
نعمت خوبی دهید زشتش را

کشت او را رسد چو وقت درو
مکنیدش درون به غصه گرو

دانه را چون کند جدا از کاه
از سر راستی کنید نگاه

حق او زانچه هست کم مکنید
به جوی خاطرش دژم مکنید

قوت جان و تن ز دهقان است
قوت روح و بدن ز دهقان است

گر نیابد جهان ز دهقان بهر
قحط خیزد ز کارخانه دهر

ور رسد تاجری به شهر شما
در تردد ز لطف و قهر شما

کار او را به لطف پیش آیید
بار او را به قهر مگشایید

تاجران منهیان اخبارند
از بد و نیکتان خبر دارند

با همه کارتان به نیکی باد
تا کنند از شما به نیکی یاد

اهل جمعیتند پیشه وران
بهر نظم معاش کارگران

آب ایشان به خیر و شر مبرید
سلک ایشان ز یکدگر مدرید

نرخ ها را نهید میزانی
خالی از هر قصور و نقصانی

تا در این تگنای جانفرسای
کم نهد کس ز نرخ بیرون پای

به سخای یمین و بذل یسار
ببرید از دل غریبان بار

جامه کودکان بیارایید
خانه بیوگان بیندایید

چون شود تازه عالم از نوروز
سبزه و گل شود جهان افروز

دعوت خلق را سماط نهید
عشرت و عیش را نشاط نهید

ببرید از دل فقیران زنگ
به نوای نی و نوازش چنگ

تا به آنها چو گوش بگشایند
از غم و رنج دی بیاسایند

چون گشایید دست جود و کرم
بر تهی کیسگان به بذل درم

هر زمان شرح آن کرم مدهید
منت بذل آن درم منهید

که ز منت کرم شود مفقود
در عداد ستم شود معدود

نیست منت خورای نفس کریم
باشد آن مقتضای طبع لئیم

قاصد روم را چو این سخنان
گشت مسموع شد شگفت ازان

شاه ازو آن شگفت را دریافت
پرده در رفع آن شگفت شکافت

گفت ما را خدایگان خوانند
چون خدا مالک جهان دانند

در رسوم خدایگانی ما
مهربانی بود نشانی ما

گر نه بر خلق مهربان باشیم
نایبان خدا چه سان باشیم

قاصد روم چون به روم رسید
وان سخن شاه روم ازو بشنید

گفت الحق که شاه شاهان اوست
سرور تاج ملکخواهان اوست

رمه ماییم و او شبان رمه
در بد و نیک پاسبان همه

به که بر خاک پاش تاج نهیم
بنده او شویم و باج دهیم

English translation

The Caesar of Rome sent a wise envoy to Nushirvan.

A king's envoy ought to be wise, so that out of immaturity, he does not cook crooked thoughts.

Since he sent him, he is alive with wisdom; that is the wisdom of the sender.

After a month of enduring the hardships of the road, he arrived at the court of the King.

He saw a king sitting in justice, with the door closed to the oppressors.

He was sending to every province an agent who was clever and nurtured wisdom.

He was piercing precious pearls of advice, saying to each one separately:

'When you take up residence in any land, deal with the subjects with gentleness.

When the peasant is poor and humbled by the stamping of poverty,

Keep him secure and trust him; give him seed, oxen, and land.

Irrigate his cultivation, and turn his hardships into good blessings.

When the time for harvesting his crop arrives, do not hold his heart hostage to grief.

When he separates the grain from the chaff, look upon him with utter truthfulness.

Do not reduce his due from what it is; do not make his heart sad by even a grain.

The strength of soul and body is from the peasant; the nourishment of spirit and body is from the peasant.

If the world receives no share from the peasant, famine will rise from the workshop of time.

And if a merchant arrives in your city, moving between your kindness and severity,

Attend to his business with kindness; do not unburden his luggage with severity.

Merchants are the reporters of news; they are aware of your good and bad deeds.

May all your dealings be with goodness, so that they may remember you with goodness.

Artisans are people of community, laborers for the order of livelihood.

Do not take away their honor in good or bad; do not tear their assembly apart from one another.

Set a scale for prices, free of any defect or shortcoming,

So that in this soul-exhausting narrowness, no one steps outside the set price.

By the generosity of the right hand and the giving of the left, remove the burden from the hearts of strangers.

Adorn the clothes of children; plaster the houses of widows.

When the world becomes fresh from Nowruz, and greenery and flowers light up the world,

Spread the table to invite the people; provide joy for pleasure and life.

Remove the rust from the hearts of the poor with the melody of the reed and the caress of the harp,

So that when they open their ears to them, they may find rest from the grief and suffering of winter.

When you open the hand of generosity and grace to the empty-pocketed by bestowing silver,

Do not constantly describe that generosity; do not place the burden of obligation for bestowing those coins,

For through obligation, generosity is lost, and it becomes numbered among acts of oppression.

A noble soul is not prone to placing obligation; that is the requirement of a mean nature.'

When these words were heard by the envoy of Rome, he was amazed by them.

The King perceived that amazement in him, and tore open the veil to remove that amazement.

He said: 'They call us sovereigns, and consider us owners of the world, like God.

In our customs of sovereignty, kindness is our sign.

If we are not kind to the creation, how can we be vicegerents of God?'

When the envoy of Rome returned to Rome, and the King of Rome heard those words from him,

He said: 'In truth, he is the King of kings; he is the leader of those who seek the crown and kingdom.

We are the flock, and he is the shepherd of the flock; the guardian of all in good and bad.

It is better that we place our crown on his dust, become his servant, and pay tribute.'

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Updated 2026-07-07

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course

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