1Cademy - بخش ۳۳ - داستان جهانگیری اسکندر و عمارت شهرها و اختراع کارهای وی بر سبیل اجمال / Section 33 - The Tale of Alexanders World-Conquest and the Building of Cities and the Invention of His Works, Set Forth in Brief

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بخش ۳۳ - داستان جهانگیری اسکندر و عمارت شهرها و اختراع کارهای وی بر سبیل اجمال / Section 33 - The Tale of Alexander's World-Conquest and the Building of Cities and the Invention of His Works, Set Forth in Brief

Original content

گهرسنج این گنج گوهرفشان
چنین می دهد از سکندرنشان

که چون این خردنامه ها را نوشت
به دل تخم اقبال جاوید کشت

به ملک عدالت علم برکشید
به حرف ضلالت قلم درکشید

به کشور ستانی عنان تاب داد
ز کشور ستانان سنان آب داد

نخستین چو خور سوی مغرب شتافت
فروغ جمالش بر آن ملک تافت

به کف تیغ آتشفشان صبح وار
سپه تاخت بر لشکر زنگبار

زدود از پی رستن از ننگشان
ز آیینه مصریان زنگشان

وز آنجا سپه سوی دارا کشید
و زو کین خود بی مدارا کشید

لباس بقا بر تنش چاک کرد
ز ظلمات ظلمش جهان پاک کرد

وز آن پس به تأیید عز و جلال
سراپرده زد بر بلاد شمال

شمالش چو در سلک ملک یمین
درآمد علم زد به مشرق زمین

به مشرق زمین مطلع نور شد
وز آن ناحیت تیرگی دور شد

ولی چون خور آنجا نه دیر آرمید
جنیبت به حد جنوبی کشید

وز آنجا به مغرب زمین بازگشت
سرانجام کارش چو آغاز گشت

در آخر نهاد اندرین تنگنای
چو پرگار بر اولین نقطه پای

شد این چار دیوار با چار حد
به ملکیت دولتش نامزد

به محدود آورد روی از حدود
فرو ریخت باران احسان و جود

ز سر حد چین تا در روم و روس
جهان را رهاند از دریغ و فسوس

گهی آخت بر هند شمشیر عزم
گهی ساخت بر دشت خوارزم رزم

گه از نور آهنگ ظلمات کرد
بدو نور ظلمت مباهات کرد

صنمخانه ها را ز بنیاد کند
به زردشت و زردشتی آتش فکند

ز هر دین به جز دین یزدان پاک
فرو شست یکباری لوح خاک

بنا کرد بس شهرها در جهات
به سان سمرقند و مرو و هرات

پی بستن سد به مشرق نشست
در فتنه بر روی یأجوج بست

چو طی کرد یکسر بساط بسیط
ز خشکی درآمد به اخضر محیط

تهی گشته از خویش بر روی آب
همی رفت گنبد زنان چون حباب

تو گویی مگر گوهرافشان قلم
به لوح زمرد همی زد قلم

چو ملک جهان یافت بر وی قرار
چه نادر اثرها که گشت آشکار

زر و سیم نقش روایی گرفت
که با سکه اش آشنایی گرفت

به آهن چو ره یافت زو روشنی
به آیینگی آمد از آهنی

ازو زرگران زرگری یافتند
و زو سیم و زر زیوری یافتند

به هر ره که زد کوس بهر رحیل
ازو گشت پیموده فرسنگ و میل

ازو نوبتی نوبت آغاز کرد
ز نام وی این زمزمه ساز کرد

به لفظ دری هر چه بر عقل تافت
به یونانی الفاظ ازو نقل یافت

بسی از حکیمان و دانشوران
نه تنها حکیمان که پیغمبران

در آن خوش سفر همدمش بوده اند
به تدبیر ره محرمش بوده اند

یکی زان حکیمان بلیناس بود
ز پیغمبران خضر و الیاس بود

چو پیش آمدی مشکلی در رهش
برون از وقوف دل آگهش

ز هر یک در آن خواستی یاوری
به فکرت گزاری و حیلتگری

به خود هم دل حکمت اندیش داشت
که حکمتوری از همه بیش داشت

چو از دیگران کار نگشادیش
گشادی ز تدبیر خود دادیش

بلی حکمت آن به که زاید ز دل
زهاب درایت گشاید ز دل

زمین دل مرد را در سرشت
بود از حکیم ازل دست کشت

نه تاراج مرگش تواند ربود
نه تیغ هلاکش تواند زدود

ز دستش درین دیر دیرینه پای
رود هر چه هست آن بماند به جای

English translation

The gem-weigher of this jewel-scattering treasure thus gives report of Alexander:

That when he had written these books of wisdom, he sowed in his heart the seed of everlasting fortune.

In the realm of justice he raised the banner, and upon the letter of error he drew the pen.

To the conquest of lands he turned the rein, and from the conquerors of lands he watered his spear-point.

First, like the sun, he hastened toward the west, and the radiance of his beauty shone upon that kingdom.

With fire-scattering sword in hand, like the dawn, he drove his army against the host of Zanzibar.

To rescue them from disgrace he polished from the mirror of the Egyptians their rust.

From there he led his army toward Dara (Darius), and took his vengeance upon him without mercy.

He tore the garment of life from his body, and cleansed the world of the darkness of his tyranny.

Thereafter, with the reinforcement of glory and majesty, he pitched his pavilion upon the lands of the north.

When the north had entered into the string of his fortunate kingdom, he raised the banner toward the land of the east.

In the eastern land he became the rising-place of light, and from that region darkness was driven away.

But since the sun does not rest there long, he drew his steed toward the southern bound.

And from there he returned to the western land; the end of his affair became like its beginning.

In the end he set, within this narrow strait, like a compass, his foot upon the first point.

These four walls with the four boundaries became designated to the possession of his fortune.

From the borders he turned his face toward the bounded, and poured down the rain of beneficence and generosity.

From the frontier of China to the gates of Rum and Rus, he delivered the world from regret and sorrow.

At times he drew the sword of resolve upon India, at times he made war upon the plain of Khwarazm.

At times, from light, he made an assault upon darkness, and with the light of darkness he took pride.

He uprooted the idol-temples from their foundations, and cast fire upon Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism.

Of every religion save the religion of the pure God he washed away, at once, the tablet of the earth.

He built many cities throughout the regions, like Samarqand and Merv and Herat.

To build the rampart he settled in the east, and shut the door of sedition upon the face of Gog.

When he had traversed the whole spread of the plain, from the dry land he came upon the green (encircling) ocean.

Emptied of himself, upon the face of the water he went on rolling like a dome, like a bubble.

You would say that the jewel-scattering pen was drawing lines upon a tablet of emerald.

When the kingdom of the world found stability in him, what rare wonders became manifest:

Gold and silver took on the stamp of currency, for they became acquainted with his coinage.

When brightness found its way into iron through him, it came from iron-ness to being a mirror.

From him the goldsmiths gained their goldsmithing, and from him silver and gold became ornaments.

On every road where he beat the drum for departure, by him the parasangs and miles were measured out.

From him the military reveille began its rounds, and from his name it composed this refrain.

Whatever shone forth upon reason in the Dari tongue, into Greek words it was rendered from him.

Many of the sages and men of learning— not only sages, but prophets—

were his companions on that pleasant journey, and were his confidants in the counsel of the road.

One of those sages was Balinas (Apollonius), and of the prophets were Khizr and Elias.

When a difficulty came before him on his path, beyond the awareness of his knowing heart,

from each of them he would seek assistance, in devising thought and contriving stratagems.

Yet in himself too he held a wisdom-pondering heart, for he possessed sagacity more than all.

When his affair was not opened by others, he would open it through his own counsel.

Yes—that wisdom is best which is born of the heart; the spring of discernment gushes forth from the heart.

The soil of a man's heart, in its nature, is the field sown by the Sage of Eternity.

Neither can the plunder of death carry it off, nor can the sword of destruction efface it.

From his hand, in this ancient monastery, goes all that is; yet that remains in its place.

Updated 2026-07-20

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