1Cademy - بخش ۴۱ - قاعده در بیان اقسام فضیلت / Section 41 - Principle on Explaining the Divisions of Virtue

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گلشن راز / The Rose Garden of Mystery

Poem

بخش ۴۱ - قاعده در بیان اقسام فضیلت / Section 41 - Principle on Explaining the Divisions of Virtue

Original content

اصول خلق نیک آمد عدالت
پس از وی حکمت و عفت شجاعت

حکیمی راست گفتار است و کردار
کسی کو متصف گردد بدین چار

به حکمت باشدش جان و دل آگه
نه گربز باشد و نه نیز ابله

به عفت شهوت خود کرده مستور
شره همچون خمود از وی شده دور

شجاع و صافی از ذل و تکبر
مبرا ذاتش از جبن و تهور

عدالت چون شعار ذات او شد
ندارد ظلم از آن خلقش نکو شد

همه اخلاق نیکو در میانه است
که از افراط و تفریطش کرانه است

میانه چون صراط مستقیم است
ز هر دو جانبش قعر جحیم است

به باریکی و تیزی موی و شمشیر
نه روی گشتن و بودن بر او دیر

عدالت چون یکی دارد ز اضداد
همی هفت آمد این اضداد ز اعداد

به زیر هر عدد سری نهفت است
از آن درهای دوزخ نیز هفت است

چنان کز ظلم شد دوزخ مهیا
بهشت آمد همیشه عدل را جا

جزای عدل، نور و رحمت آمد
سزای ظلم، لعن و ظلمت آمد

ظهور نیکویی در اعتدال است
عدالت جسم را اقصی کمال است

مرکب چون شود مانند یک چیز
ز اجزا دور گردد فعل و تمییز

بسیط الذات را مانند گردد
میان این و آن پیوند گردد

نه پیوندی که از ترکیب اجزاست
که روح از وصف جسمیت مبراست

چو آب و گل شود یکباره صافی
رسد از حق بدو روح اضافی

چو یابد تسویت اجزای ارکان
در او گیرد فروغ عالم جان

شعاع جان سوی تن وقت تعدیل
چو خورشید و زمین آمد به تمثیل

English translation

The foundation of good character is justice, followed by wisdom, temperance, and courage. Wise in speech and action is the one who is characterized by these four. Through wisdom, his soul and heart are aware— he is neither deceitful nor foolish. Through temperance, he has subdued his lust, and both greed and apathy are far from him. Courageous and pure from self-abasement and pride, his essence is free from cowardice and foolhardiness. When justice becomes the banner of his essence, he commits no oppression, and thus his character is made good. All good character traits lie in the middle way, which is bounded by excess and deficiency. The middle way is like the straight path; on both sides of it lies the depth of hell. In its thinness and sharpness, it is like a hair and a sword; there is no way to turn from it or tarry long upon it. Since justice has opposites, these opposites are seven. Beneath each number a secret is hidden; for this reason, the gates of hell are also seven. Just as hell is prepared by oppression, paradise is always the abode of justice. The reward of justice is light and mercy; the retribution for oppression is curse and darkness. The manifestation of goodness lies in equilibrium; justice is the ultimate perfection of the body. When a compound becomes like a single thing, action and discernment are removed from the parts. It becomes like the simple essence, and a connection is formed between this and that. Not a connection arising from the combination of parts, for the spirit is free from the quality of corporality. When water and clay become entirely pure, the relative spirit arrives from the Truth. When the parts of the elements attain equilibrium, the radiance of the world of the soul takes hold in it. The ray of the soul toward the body at the time of equilibrium is like the comparison of the sun and the earth.

Updated 2026-07-02

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Ganjoor

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