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بخش ۵ - ذکر محمدبن واسع رحمة الله علیه / Section 5 - Mention of Mohammad bin Wase', May Allah Have Mercy on Him

Original content

آن مقدم زهاد، آن معظم عباد، آن عالم عامل، آن عارف کامل، آن توانگر قانع، محمد واسع، رحمة الله علیه رحمة واسعة؛ در وقت خود در شیوة خود بی نظیر بود و بسیار کس از تابعین را خدمت کرده بود و مشایخ مقدم را یافته بود و در طریقت و شریعت حظی وافر داشت. در ریاضت چنان بود که نان خشک در آب می زد و می خورد و می گفت: هرکه بدین قناعت کند از همه خلق بی نیاز گردد؛ و در مناجات گفتی: الهی مرا برهنه و گرسنه می داری، همچنانکه دوستان خود را. آخر من این مقام به چه یافتم که حال من چون حال دوستان تو بود.
و گاه بودی که از غایت گرسنگی با اصحاب به خانة حسن بصری شدی و آنچه یافتی بخوردی. چون حسن بیامدی بدان شاد شدی و سخن اوست که گفتی: فرخ آنکس که بامداد گرسنه خیزد و شبانگاه گرسنه خفتد و بدین حالت از خدای راضی باشد.

کسی از او وصیت خواست. گفت: وصیت می کنم تو را بدانکه پادشاه باشی در دنیا و آخرت.
مرد گفت: این چگونه بود.

گفت: چنانکه در دنیا زاهد باشی. یعنی چون در دنیا زاهد باشی به هیچ کس طمع نبود و همه خلق را محتاج بینی. لاجرم توغنی و پادشاهی! هر که چنین باشد پادشاه دنیا باشد و پادشاه آخرت باشد.
یک روز مالک دینار را گفت: نگاه داشتن زبان بر خلق سخت تر است از نگاه داشتن درم و دینار.

و یک روز در بر قتیبه بن مسلم شد، با جامه صوف. گفت: صوف چرا پوشیده ای؟
خاموش بود.

گفت: چرا جوابندهی؟
گفت: خواهم که بگویم از زهد، نه که بر خویشتن ثنا گفته باشم، یا از درویشی نه که از حق تعالی گله کرده باشم.

یک روز پسر را دید که می خرامید. وی را آواز داد و گفت: هیچ دانی که تو کیستی؟ مادرت را به دویست دینار خریده ام، و پدرت چنانست که در میان مسلمانان از او کمتر کس نیست. این خرامیدن تواز کجاست؟
و کسی از وی پرسید: چگونه ای؟

گفت: چگونه باشد کسی که عمرش می کاهد و گناهش می افزاید؟
و در معرفت چنان بود که سخن اوست که: ما رایت شیئا الا و رایت الله فیه. هیچ چیز ندیدم، الا که خدایرا در آن چیز دیدم و از و پرسیدند: که خدایرا می شناسی؟

ساعتی خاموش سرفروافگند. پس گفت: هرکه او را بشناخت سخنش اندک شد و تحیرش دایم گشت.
و گفت: سزاوار است کسی را که خدای به معرفت خودش عزیز گردانیده است که هرگز از مشاهده او به غیر او باز ننگرد و هیجچ کس را بر او اختیار نکند.

و گفت: صادق هرگز نبود تا بدانکه امید می دارد بیمناک نبود.
یعنی باید که خوف و رجاش برابر بود تا صادق و مومن حقیقی بود. بدانکه خیرالامور اوسطها، رحمة الله علیه.

English translation

That leader of the ascetics, that great one among worshippers, that practicing scholar, that perfect gnostic, that content wealthy man, Mohammad Wase', may Allah have mercy on him with a vast mercy; in his time and in his way he was peerless. He had served many of the Successors (Tabi'un) and had met the foremost masters, and he possessed a bountiful share in both the Spiritual Path (Tariqa) and the Divine Law (Shari'a). In ascetic discipline, he was such that he would dip dry bread in water and eat it, saying: 'Whoever contents himself with this will become independent of all creation.' And in his intimate prayers (munajat), he would say: 'O God, You keep me naked and hungry, just as You keep Your friends. At last, by what means did I attain this station, that my state became like the state of Your friends?'

And there were times when, out of extreme hunger, he would go with his companions to the house of Hasan al-Basri and eat whatever he found. When Hasan arrived, he would be delighted by this. It is his word that he said: 'Blessed is the one who rises hungry in the morning and sleeps hungry at night, and is satisfied with God in this state.'

Someone asked him for a testament (wasiyya). He said: 'I advise you that you should be a king in this world and the hereafter.'

The man asked: 'How can this be?'

He said: 'In such a way that you are an ascetic in this world. That is, when you are an ascetic in this world, you have no greed for anyone and you see all creation in need. Necessarily, you are self-sufficient and a king! Whoever is like this is the king of this world and the king of the hereafter.'

One day he said to Malik Dinar: 'Guarding the tongue against the people is harder than guarding dirhams and dinars.'

And one day he went to Qutayba bin Muslim wearing a woollen garment (suf). [Qutayba] said: 'Why have you worn wool?'

He remained silent.

[Qutayba] said: 'Why do you not answer?'

He said: 'I wish to speak of asceticism (zuhd), but not to have praised myself; or of poverty (darvishi), but not to have complained of God the Exalted.'

One day he saw his son walking boastfully. He called out to him and said: 'Do you know at all who you are? I bought your mother for two hundred dinars, and your father is such that among Muslims there is no one lower than him. From where is this boastful walking of yours?'

And someone asked him: 'How are you?'

He said: 'How would someone be whose life is decreasing and whose sins are increasing?'

And in Gnosis (Ma'rifat) he was such that it is his word that: 'I saw nothing except that I saw God in it.' I saw nothing except that I saw God in that thing. And they asked him: 'Do you know God?'

For an hour he was silent and lowered his head. Then he said: 'Whoever knew Him, his speech became little and his bewilderment became perpetual.'

And he said: 'It is fitting for one whom God has honored with the knowledge of Himself that he never looks away from observing Him toward anyone else, and chooses no one over Him.'

And he said: 'One is never truthful (sadiq) until he is fearful of that which he hopes for.'

Meaning, his fear (khawf) and hope (raja') must be equal so that he may be a truthful and true believer. Know that the best of matters is the middle way, may Allah have mercy on him.

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Updated 2026-07-02

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course

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